Product-oriented vs Process-oriented approach

Product-oriented approach

Only final product was emphasized

1. meet certain standards

2. reflect accurate grammar

3. be organized in conformity with what the audience would consider to be conventional "model" compositions

   

   

   

Process-oriented approach

1. focus on the process

2. to understand their own composing process

3. to build repertories of strategies

4. give students time to write and rewrite

5. place central importance on the process of revision

6. let students discover what they want to say as they write

7. feedback

8. feedback from the instructor and peers

9. individual conferences

   

⇒ A balance between process and product